The Garden of Eden is described in the Book of Genesis as a paradise created by God for the first humans, Adam and Eve. While the exact geographical location of the Garden of Eden remains uncertain and is a topic of much debate among scholars and theologians, the Bible provides some clues that suggest its proximity to certain rivers.
Genesis 2:10-14 states:
10 “A river flowed out of Eden to water the garden, and there it divided and became four rivers.
11 The name of the first is Pishon; it is the one that flowed around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold.
12 And the gold of that land is good; bdellium and onyx stone are there.
13 The name of the second river is Gihon; it is the one that flowed around the whole land of Cush.
14 The name of the third river is Tigris, which flows east of Assyria. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.”
From this passage, we can infer that the Garden was near these four rivers. The Tigris and Euphrates are well-known rivers in modern-day Iraq. The exact identifications of the Pishon and Gihon rivers are less certain, but they have been speculated to be located in regions that are now part of Africa or Arabia.
Overall, while many theories propose various locations for the Garden of Eden—ranging from southern Mesopotamia to the Persian Gulf—there is no definitive archaeological evidence to confirm any specific site as the location of the Garden. The Biblical narrative emphasizes the symbolic and theological aspects of Eden rather than providing precise geographical coordinates.